Energy efficiency scammers use sophisticated psychological tactics and technical-sounding presentations to create urgency while exploiting homeowners' desire to save money and energy. Understanding these tactics is the first step in avoiding becoming a victim.
Door-to-Door Sales Schemes
"Government Inspector" Imposters
Scammers often pose as government inspectors or utility representatives conducting "mandatory" energy audits. They arrive unannounced wearing official-looking uniforms and carrying clipboards with government-style forms. These imposters claim authority to conduct inspections and identify "required" improvements for code compliance or rebate eligibility.
Free Audit Bait-and-Switch
Legitimate energy audits cost $300-$500 and take 2-4 hours to complete properly. Scammers offer "free comprehensive audits" that are actually high-pressure sales presentations designed to create fear about energy waste and safety issues. These fake audits often involve minimal actual inspection time while generating inflated improvement recommendations.
Urgency and Pressure Tactics
Scammers create artificial urgency through claims about expiring government programs, limited-time rebates, or seasonal pricing that ends "today only." They pressure homeowners to sign contracts immediately without time for research, competitive bidding, or consultant reviews. Legitimate contractors encourage homeowners to take time for decision-making and research.
False Certification and Credential Claims
Fake Government Endorsements
Scammers claim endorsement by federal agencies, state governments, or utility companies that don't actually exist. They may show fraudulent certificates or reference non-existent programs to establish credibility. Legitimate contractors provide verifiable license numbers and certifications from recognized organizations.
Invented Certification Programs
Some scammers create official-sounding certification programs with impressive names but no actual standards or oversight. They may claim exclusive training or certification that qualifies them for special rebate programs unavailable to other contractors.
Utility Company Impersonation
Scammers may claim direct relationships with utility companies or participation in exclusive rebate programs. They might wear utility company clothing or drive vehicles with utility-style markings to enhance credibility while operating completely independently.
Financial Manipulation Tactics
Upfront Payment Demands
Legitimate energy efficiency contractors typically require minimal upfront payments (10-20% maximum) with progress payments tied to completion milestones. Scammers often demand large upfront payments (50-100%) claiming special pricing, equipment deposits, or rebate processing requirements.
Inflated Rebate Claims
Scammers exaggerate available rebates and tax credits, sometimes claiming non-existent programs worth thousands of dollars. They may promise to "handle all rebate paperwork" while actually providing no assistance with legitimate programs.
Financing Manipulation
Some scammers offer "zero-interest financing" or "special government loans" that are actually high-interest personal loans with substantial fees. They may pressurize homeowners to sign financing documents without adequate explanation of terms and obligations.