Early Signs of Dementia: 10 Warning Symptoms Families Should Know - Part 2

seeking evaluation, while others progress more quickly. On average, families report noticing changes 2-3 years before seeking professional help. Early evaluation is always better, as it allows for baseline establishment and monitoring of progression. Q: Can stress or depression cause similar symptoms? A: Yes, stress, depression, anxiety, and other conditions can mimic early dementia symptoms. Severe stress can cause memory problems, confusion, and difficulty concentrating. Depression often causes cognitive symptoms in older adults, sometimes called "pseudodementia." Professional evaluation can differentiate between conditions and ensure appropriate treatment. Q: Should I tell someone I've noticed symptoms? A: This depends on your relationship and the person's awareness level. If they've expressed concerns about their memory, acknowledge their worries and suggest evaluation together. If they're unaware or defensive, focus on specific safety concerns rather than labeling symptoms. Sometimes involving a trusted healthcare provider or religious leader helps introduce the topic neutrally. Q: What if symptoms come and go? A: Fluctuating symptoms are common in several types of dementia, particularly Lewy body and vascular dementia. Good days don't negate bad days. Document patterns of fluctuation, including triggers, time of day, and duration. This information helps healthcare providers make accurate diagnoses. Q: Can early signs be reversed? A: Some conditions causing dementia-like symptoms are reversible, including vitamin B12 deficiency, thyroid problems, normal pressure hydrocephalus, depression, and medication side effects. Even with irreversible dementias, early intervention can slow progression and improve quality of life. This is why early evaluation is crucial. Q: How accurate are online cognitive tests? A: Online tests can provide useful screening information but cannot diagnose dementia. They're best used for tracking changes over time or providing information to healthcare providers. Professional evaluation includes medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and comprehensive cognitive assessment that online tests cannot replicate. ### Action Plan: Next Steps for Families Noticing Warning Signs Begin immediately by starting a symptom journal. Document specific incidents, patterns, and changes you've noticed. Include dates, times, circumstances, and how behaviors differ from the person's baseline. This documentation proves invaluable for healthcare providers and helps you track progression objectively. Schedule a comprehensive medical evaluation within the next month. Don't wait for symptoms to worsen. Call the person's primary care provider, explain your concerns, and request a thorough cognitive assessment. If the provider dismisses concerns, seek a second opinion or request referral to a specialist. Implement safety measures proactively. Even before diagnosis, address potential hazards. Simplify the environment, remove trip hazards, ensure adequate lighting, secure potentially dangerous items, and consider monitoring systems if wandering is a concern. It's easier to introduce safety measures gradually than during a crisis. Build your support network now. Connect with local Alzheimer's Association chapters, join support groups for families noticing early signs, identify friends and family who can help, and research local resources like adult day programs and respite care. Having support in place reduces stress and improves outcomes. Plan for the future while the person can participate. If you're noticing early signs, the person likely retains capacity for decision-making. Use this time to discuss preferences for future care, complete advance directives, organize financial and legal documents, and ensure appropriate powers of attorney are in place. Educate yourself about dementia and available resources. Knowledge reduces fear and improves care quality. Attend workshops, read reputable sources, connect with other families on similar journeys, and stay informed about research and treatment advances. The more you understand, the better equipped you'll be to provide compassionate, effective support throughout the journey ahead.